Chronic stress, immune imbalance, and thyroid dysfunction are deeply interconnected. This forms a stress–immune–thyroid triad where each system influences the others, affecting energy, mood, and resilience. Research shows that targeted support—including adaptogens, micronutrients can help restore communication across this network. Rather than offering quick fixes, this systems-based approach addresses underlying feedback loops, combining clinical insight, patient engagement, and supportive lifestyle practices to rebuild physiological balance and improve well-being over time.
Allison Sayre, MSN, WHNP-BC
For centuries, Vitex agnus-castus, commonly known as chasteberry, has been used to support female reproductive health.* This traditional Mediterranean herb has earned a place in modern integrative care, particularly for women of reproductive years. In fact, chasteberry benefits have been increasingly recognized in clinical settings for their support of a healthy menstrual cycle and premenstrual comfort. While its historical use dates back to ancient Greece, current research continues to shine light on its ability to support hormonal balance through its unique interactions with the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis.
In this article, we will discuss chasteberry benefits, as well as its traditional use, mechanisms of action, and clinical applications.
Botanical Overview and Traditional Use
Chasteberry is derived from the fruit of the chaste tree, a deciduous shrub native to the Mediterranean region and parts of Asia. Traditionally used in various cultures to support female reproduction, its common name stems from historical associations with chastity and its use in monasteries to temper libido.[1] While this may not be scientifically relevant today, chasteberry’s benefits and impact on hormonal pathways has been of significant interest in both botanical and clinical research.
Chasteberry and the HPO Axis
Chasteberry’s primary benefits are thought to stem from its effects on the HPO axis, particularly at the level of the pituitary gland.* Compounds in chasteberry may interact with dopamine receptors, especially the D2 subtype, which in turn may help support prolactin levels within normal limits.* Prolactin in turn promotes rhythmic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulsatility, which is essential for coordinated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signaling, as well as healthy corpus luteum function and progesterone production.*[2]
An additional benefit of the dopaminergic activity in vitex may involve the dopamine receptors of the 1, 2, 4, and 5 subtype, which are expressed in follicular granulosa and luteal cells.* Flavonoids such as castidin, quercetagetin, and isovitexin are dopaminergic compounds in Vitex agnus-castus that may support healthy follicular development and luteal function.* [2][3]
Clinical Applications
Premenstrual and Menstrual Comfort
Because of its ability to support healthy prolactin levels, chasteberry is frequently used for both comfort and mood in women of reproductive age.*[2] Several randomized controlled trials and observational studies have evaluated the effects of chasteberry in supporting breast comfort, occasional mood fluctuations, and occasional bloating in premenstrual women. In these studies, participants taking chasteberry extract reported improvements in perceived symptom severity and overall well-being compared to placebo groups. These outcomes are thought to reflect improved neuroendocrine signaling and hormonal modulation.*[4]
In a prospective, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel-group, multi-center clinical trial (n=217), women were either given 40 mg of vitex daily, or placebo. After 3 months, Vitex agnus-castus was superior to placebo in supporting premenstrual comfort, with no serious adverse events occurring.*[5]
A meta-analysis of 3 double-blind, randomized clinical trials, including a total of 520 women aged 18 to 45, found that vitex extract significantly supported common premenstrual concerns compared to placebo, with no serious adverse effects reported. In addition to supporting healthy dopamine activity and promoting normal prolactin levels, researchers have also proposed that these effects may be linked to vitex’s ability to maintain neuroendocrine balance through interactions with opioid pathways.*[4]
Reproductive Health and Menstrual Cycle Regularity
Vitex is also commonly used to support reproductive health and a regular menstrual cycle.* Additionally, by promoting healthy luteal phase function and supporting balanced signaling between the hypothalamus and ovaries, vitex may help promote healthy ovulatory patterns in some women.*[2][6]
An observational, retrospective, longitudinal study analyzed data from 1700 women aged 12 to 50 (mean age of 30.2 years). After 3 months, Vitex agnus-castus was shown to support healthy menstrual flow patterns and helped maintain normal menstrual cycle length and frequency when compared to participants baseline reports.*[7]
In Summary
Chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus) is a time-tested botanical that supports hormonal balance and reproductive health in women, particularly those in their reproductive years.* By supporting healthy prolactin levels and pituitary signaling, it may promote a healthy menstrual cycle and premenstrual comfort.* With emerging research and clinical experience validating its traditional use, vitex continues to be a foundational herb in women’s health protocols. When used thoughtfully and in alignment with individual needs, it serves as a valuable addition to the integrative practitioner’s toolkit.
Disclaimer:
The information provided is for educational purposes only. Consult your physician or healthcare practitioner if you have specific questions before instituting any changes in your daily lifestyle including changes in diet, exercise, and supplement use.
Allison Sayre, MSN, WHNP specializes in women's health and functional medicine, blending both traditional and integrative approaches. With over 18 years of experience, she has empowered women to reclaim their health through personalized nutrition and supplementation, hormone balancing, and lifestyle modifications. She received her Bachelor of Science from Mount Carmel College of Nursing and her Master of Science from the University of Cincinnati. She has been a certified women’s health nurse practitioner since 2014 and has continued her education and training in functional medicine from both the Institute for Functional Medicine as well as the American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine.